Apparatus for keeping hot and for transporting dishes using a motor vehicle

ABSTRACT

Apparatus for keeping hot and for transporting prepared dishes, in particular pizzas, from the producer to the consumer, using a motor vehicle equipped with a thermally insulated container, which in its lower portion is provided with a heat exchanger using which the heat supplied by an external source is transmitted to the air in the container by heat conduction and radiation, characterised in that the container is laid out as an essentially square box at the bottom of which the heat exchanger is incorporated. One of the four lateral walls of the box is linked to the box, forming a door which is sealed and gives access to the container. The other three lateral walls and the top cover of the box are laid out as double walls enclosing air interspaces, which on their sides are all mutually interconnected and towards the front, towards the access door, are connected to the inner chamber of the container. The inner chamber of the container is connected with the surrounding room via a through passage opening located in the lower portion of the bottom of the container. Air from the outside is fed into the air interspaces provided in the other lateral walls and in the top cover using at least one blowing fan arranged in the back lateral wall in such a manner that an air stream is established passing from the air interspaces to the inner chamber via the connection provided at the access door and escaping via the passage opening located at the bottom of the container. The inner chamber, in which the dishes to be transported are stored, is provided with supporting shelves which do not subdivide it into separated zones but permit free air circulation and formation of air vortices.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of Swiss Patent Application No.2001 1698/01, filed on Sep. 14, 2001, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] 1. Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention concerns an apparatus for keeping hot and for transporting dishes, in particular pizzas, from the producer to the consumer using a motor vehicle as described in the introductory part of the claim 1.

[0004] 2. Discussion of Background Information

[0005] Transport of prepared dishes, and in particular of pizzas, using a motor vehicle (automobile or motorcycle) has become general practice, particularly in cities. Rapid transport is expected, and above all, the dishes transported are expected to arrive in prime condition, hot and with all the characteristics of fragrance, taste and crispness they presented at the moment they were produced. In particular pizzas, being the product transported most frequently using motor vehicles, are most susceptible with respect to the fragrance and crispness problem: the increase in humidity softens them and deprives them of their fundamental product characteristics, i.e. mainly their fragrance. Thus humidity control during the transport of the product plays a decisive role in successful transport operations.

[0006] Today various proposals are known for solving this problem. Thus e.g. the simplest system practically applied is the insertion of the dishes to be transported into thermally insulated bags. This system is a low-cost operation but presents serious disadvantages due to the fast drop in temperature of the product causing a corresponding increase in humidity. The pizza delivered presents itself soggy and at the limit of fitness for consumption. Above all, this system presents severe hygienic problems, as cleaning of the bags is difficult, the bags easily becoming breeding grounds of dangerous bacteria. The same holds true for boxes and containers made from synthetic materials: they present the same disadvantages as the bags, from which they differ just in that they are cleaned more easily.

[0007] From the patent literature and from practical use technologically more advanced solutions of the problem are known, such as the one according to the EP-0481352A1 or the EP-0575471A1.

[0008] In the first case an apparatus is shown for transporting and for keeping hot dishes, in particular pizzas, where the container presents a lower portion and an upper portion, the lower portion being laid out as a functional part containing a fan and a heating device as well as a dehumidifying chamber. The mere fact that the apparatus requires a dehumidification chamber visualizes the limitations of this system: the airflow in the chamber of the container is laid out in such a manner that dehumidification of the air with the help of a hygroscopic substance (such as e.g. bran, which was cited in the sense of an example) is required. This solution is demonstrated to be problem-ridden, as application is proposed of a thermostat as well as of a hygrostat for controlling temperature and humidity of the air: all such arrangements render the layout of the apparatus complex and unsuitable for daily practical use.

[0009] The EP-0575471A1, equivalent of the PCT-WO92/16137, shows a solution of an apparatus for transporting, known also to be in practical use, namely the one of the dish-heater with a gasoline burner. In the air circulation circuit inside the container a heat exchanger is inserted arranged in separate chamber and laid out as a radiator or as an electrical heater or as a gasoline burner. An apparatus of this type is capable of maintaining the temperature inside the container over prolonged time periods, but does not solve the crucial problem of humidity control, and thus the quality of the product transported suffers. Furthermore the apparatuses of such type, of which the type with a gasoline burner is known best, all present a series of further disadvantages, such as elevated operating cost, higher noise level, danger of fire, hygiene problems, etc. Particularly disturbing is the fact that the hot air flow re-circulated inside the container is not filtered and thus carries harmful particles with it, which can be deposited onto the dishes in transport.

[0010] All these known systems, in which a heat exchanger receiving its heat energy in any specific manner (e.g. from the cooling system of the motor vehicle as described in the EP-0628277A1 or also—in analogy to the one shown in the GB-2316739A—using the exhaust fumes of the vehicle) is arranged in a separate chamber of the container for the actual dishes, are not preoccupied particularly with correct circulation of the hot air in the container nor with correct thermal insulation of the container, being limited to the provision of an insulated box in which shelves supporting the dishes are arranged. The humidity of the air thus cannot be controlled sufficiently and thus the dishes, in particular the pizzas, absorb too much humidity and go limp during transport.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The present invention proposes demonstration of the manner in which a device can be realised for keeping hot and for transporting dishes comprising a thermally insulated container in which the air circulation is laid out in such a manner that the above mentioned disadvantages of the devices known thus far are eliminated and that a stable temperature (of at least 130° C.) and perfect humidity control are ensured in the container, the most stringent hygiene standards being complied with.

[0012] Other exemplary embodiments and advantages of the present invention may be ascertained by reviewing the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings.

[0013] These objectives are met using a device according to the introductory portion of the claim 1 presenting the characteristics according to the characterising portion of said claim 1. Owing to the overall layout of the container formed as a box with walls comprising an air interspace for continually supplying fresh air from the outside into the inner chamber, which then is drained off continually via an exhaust opening provided in the bottom part of the container, and owing to the arrangement that the air inside the box can circulate as freely as possibly—care being taken that all unnecessary internal obstacles are eliminated—constant ideal heating conditions for heating the dishes are obtained.

[0014] Of course this operation mode requires that sufficient heat is available, which implies that the heat exchanger provided must be able to supply the required heat energy. This can be reached using heat exchangers of all types, but the preferred solution is the application of the thermal energy of the exhaust fumes of the engine of the automobile as the heat source, according to known practical use and, not in direct relation to dishes, to the above mentioned GB-23 16739A. The Swiss patent application No. 1999 1264/99, dated Jul. 9, 1999, describes a vehicle comprising an oven for dishes heated using the exhaust fumes of the engine of the vehicle, just as provided in a preferred form of realisation of the present invention.

[0015] The claims 2 through 10 concern forms of preferred realisations of the object of the invention and will be described in more detail with their advantages in the following description of various examples of realisation of the present invention with reference to the illustrations in the Figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention is further described in the detailed description which follows, in reference to the noted plurality of drawings by way of non-limiting exemplary embodiments of the present invention, in which like reference numerals represent similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein:

[0017]FIG. 1 in purely schematic form, an automobile in which the inventive device is incorporated, for which arrangement it is assumed the heat for operating the heat exchanger is to be supplied using thermal energy from the exhaust fumes of the engine.

[0018]FIG. 2 in an enlarged, but still schematic view, the arrangement according to the FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section along a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the automobile.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0019] The particulars shown herein are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of the embodiments of the present invention only and are presented in the cause of providing what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of the principles and conceptual aspects of the present invention. In this regard, no attempt is made to show structural details of the present invention in more detail than is necessary for the fundamental understanding of the present invention, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the present invention may be embodied in practice.

[0020] In the FIG. 1 the outline of a motor vehicle is designated 1, which here is chosen, in the sense of an example, as a van or delivery van. This type vehicle in practical use proves to be ideal for incorporation of the inventive device, as the tail portion of the vehicle offers optimum space conditions and anchoring points for anchoring the box. Vehicles of such type as a rule are equipped with reinforced points required for anchoring the inventive device, namely the anchoring points for the seat belts, the supports of the back seats, and of reinforcing cross-members, etc.; all these arrangements are not shown in the FIG. 1 as any specialist in the field knows these aspects. Selection of a van type vehicle, however, is not to be interpreted in the sense of a limitation: the inventive device (which in the following is referred to as “dish heater” for the sake of brevity) can be mounted on practically any type of motor vehicle, i.e. on vehicles with four, three or two wheels, and thus also on motorcycles, just as illustrated already in the non-published Swiss patent application No. 1999 1264/99. In this context it is just important that the motor vehicle offers sufficient space to accommodate the dish heater and that it can be anchored solidly (using screws, clamps, etc.).

[0021] In the tail portion of the motor vehicle 1 the inventive device for keeping hot and for transporting dishes is arranged at about the zone of the rear wheels, or the back seats respectively, the device comprising a thermally insulated container 2 in the bottom portion of which a heat exchanger 3 is arranged. The heat exchanger 3, which is supplied with heat from an external source (which can be formed by a radiator cooling the engine of the motor vehicle, by an electric resistance heater supplied with current from the car battery, by a separate gasoline burner as shown e.g. in the PCT/WO92/16137, or—as indicated schematically in the FIG. 1, and as provided according to a preferred form of realisation of the present invention—by the exhaust fumes of the engine 4 supplied to the heat exchanger 3 via the tube 5 and exhausted via the tube 6 to the muffler and to the exhaust pipe 8) merely must present sufficient thermal capacity in relation to the size of the container and thus of the volume of dishes to be transported. The heat exchanger thus must be capable to supply a sufficient heat energy quantity to the inside of the container for ensuring a constant temperature of at least 130° C. inside the container. The type and the capacity of the heat exchanger 3 are determined based on the practical experience of the specialist in the field. Here it is to be mentioned merely that the selection of a heat exchanger supplied with the heat content of the exhaust fumes of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine (be it an automobile or a motorcycle) has proven ideal as it permits utilisation of a abundant source of heat, which is practically free of charge, as the exhaust fumes of a combustion engine as a rule escape to the surrounding atmosphere, which is heated thereby. Experience has proven that utilisation of the exhaust fumes of a combustion engine for heating an inventive device (dish heater) permits improvements in engine performance, under condition, however, that the heat exchanger meets certain design criteria, which are not to be discussed here as they do not concern the substance of the present invention. It is to be noted, however, that within the scope of the present invention the sole limitation concerning the heat exchanger 3 is that it is requires to present sufficient thermal capacity, to be determined from case to case in function of the volume of the container 2, of the quantity of dishes to be transported, of the duration of the transport runs, etc.

[0022] It is of great importance, however, to stress that the heat must be transmitted to the air contained in the container 2 by simple heat conduction and heat radiation: absolutely no exchange between the medium supplying the heat (gas, air, water, or other media) and the air within the container is to take place, in order to prevent any deterioration of the food product to be transported.

[0023] The container 2 now must meet certain precisely set conditions for realising the present invention.

[0024] Above all the container is to be formed as a box 9 of essentially square shape, at the bottom 10 of which the heat exchanger 3 is incorporated. The term bottom 10 in this context is not necessarily to be understood as a closed surface, but rather as the bottom portion of the box 9, which can be separated from the inside room of the box 9, also called inner chamber 11, by a perforated plate 12 which is open along all its edges.

[0025] One of the four lateral walls of the box 9 is to be linked to the box 9, e.g. at the bottom portion 10, in such a manner that it forms a sealing access door 13 of the container 2. In order to ensure reliable sealing action the access door 13, or the closing cover respectively, of the container 2 can be provided with a suitable elastic and heat resistant seal. The other three lateral walls (one of which only is visible in the FIGS. 1 and 2, namely the back wall 14 opposite the access door 13) and the top side wall 15 of the box 9 are laid out as double walls, which within them enclose an air space 16, 17 (compare also the FIG. 2). These air interspaces 16, 17 (of which two only of the four are visible in the FIG. 2) are all mutually interconnected laterally and up front, at the access door 13, are connected to the internal chamber 11 of the container 2. Between the air interspace 16, 17 and the internal chamber 11 of the container 2 thus a continuous air exchange can form, which is reinforced further, as will be explained in the following, by the action of a blowing fan 18, which preferably is arranged in the vertical back wall 14.

[0026] Furthermore the inner chamber 11 of the container 11 is connected with the surrounding room via a through passage 19 located in the lower part 20 of the bottom 10 of the container 2.

[0027] Provision of the intermediate air spaces 16, 17, of their connections to the inner chamber 11, of the air outlet passage opening 19, and of at least one blower fan 18 is aimed at the purpose, fundamental for the present invention in order to achieve the results desired, of establishing a circulating air movement inside the chamber 11, in the sense of vortices circulating about horizontal axes. Within the container 2 an air stream is created, which passes from the air interspaces 16, 17 to the inner chamber 11 via the connection at the access door 13, and which escapes via the outlet passage 19 located at the bottom of the container 2. In order to ensure that the formation of the rotating air stream in the chamber 11 is not prevented by the presence of closed separations, care is taken according to the present invention that the shelves 21 supporting the dishes (as well as the support shelf 12) are made in such a manner that that the air can circulate as freely as possible: these shelves 12, 21, as indicated in the FIG. 2, e.g. do not extend to, and do not contact, the internal walls of the inner chamber 11, but between the shelves 12, 21 and the walls abundant space is left free. Furthermore, according to a preferred form of realisation of the present invention, the supporting shelves are made from perforated sheet metal (compare the FIG. 2).

[0028] This systematic supply of fresh air from the outside under the influence of the fan 18, the continual supply of heat by the heat exchanger 3, the formation of air vortices inside the inner chamber 11, indicated in the FIG. 2 by the arrows f, are the basis of the advantages of the inventive device. The dishes transported on the shelves 12, 21 of a device of this type remain hot and crisp also after hours of transport, as if they had just been taken from the oven, owing to the fact, that at all times sufficient amounts of heat are supplied to the box 9 forming the container, which is provided with good thermal insulation and is laid out in such a manner that said air circulation inside the container is ensured. These objectives are achieved with the design characteristics described of the container 2.

[0029] In the FIG. 2 also a support plane, designated 23, is indicated, which is mounted, using screws 25, and 25′ respectively, to the plate 24, which is part of the body of the vehicle. Obviously these fastening elements differ from vehicle type to vehicle type, i.e. these elements have to be adapted to every type vehicle on which the inventive device is to be mounted (be it an automobile or a motorcycle). For this purpose the specialist in the field will have to choose, possibly in cooperation with the manufacturer of the vehicle, the anchoring points best suited for fastening the inventive device. In the ideal case the vehicle can be equipped in series production already with particular anchoring points for the inventive device, which arrangement renders incorporation of the inventive device less expensive. According to a preferred form of realisation of the present invention the outer lateral walls 26 (one only of the three being shown) and of the top cover 27 of the box 9 are made from wood or of a material similar to wood, whereas the internal walls 28, 29 forming the air interspace are made from metal, and preferentially from steel.

[0030] Application of wood or similar materials in the outer walls 26, 27 of the box 9 (including the access door 13) has proven optimal for ensuring perfect heat insulation towards the outside, combining with this characteristic also the advantages of low cost and of aesthetically excellent looks.

[0031] According to another form of realisation of the present invention, which is not illustrated in the Figures, at least two blowing fans 18 are provided in the vertical back wall 14 of the box 9 arranged symmetrically with respect to a median vertical plane of the box 9 in the upper part of this wall. The arrangement described of at least two blowing fans 18 permits better establishment of the circulation of the air stream inside the box 9 in the sense of ensuring better symmetry of the air stream over the whole width of the box: this is of particular importance if boxes 9 of a width of 80 cm or more, as convenient for the inventive containers 2, are to be installed at a bias in the load compartment or the trunk of an automobile.

[0032] It is to be noted here already that the container 2 is mounted using screws 25, 25′, which fasten it to a plane 23, or to the lower wall 24 of the body shell of the motor vehicle.

[0033] According to a preferred form of realisation of the present invention it also is provided, that the anchoring points are reinforced points normally provided in the vehicle as anchoring points for the seat belts and/or the support points for the back seats and/or for reinforcing cross members of the body shell of the automobile. The advantage of this solution is obvious and does not require further explanation.

[0034] According to a further preferred form of realisation of the present invention the passage opening 19, located at the bottom 20 of the container 2, at the same time serves as a passageway for the supply tube 30 and the exhaust tube 31 for the heating medium of the heat exchanger 3. Owing to this arrangement provision of unnecessary openings extending through the bottom 20 of the container 2 is avoided, and the tubes 30 and 31 are free to perform small movements relative to the container 2. This solution is particularly useful if the tubes 30 and 30 are part of the exhaust pipe arrangement of the automobile, which always is supported separate from the body of the vehicle.

[0035] According to a further preferred form of realisation of the present invention the external dimensions of the container 2 are chosen ranging between the following limit values: width between 50 and 100 cm, depth between 40 and 60 cm, height between 30 and 70 cm: within these limits containers can be realised, which are suitable for automobiles and delivery vans as well as motorcycles, which takes into account the necessity of rationalising the transport operations, calling for great quantities of prepared dishes to be transported in one go—and the capacity of the inventive device permits this—as well as the difficult traffic conditions in large urban agglomerations, which rather call for application of smaller vehicles such as motorcycles with two or three wheels. The choice of the most suitable vehicle in which the inventive device is to be incorporated, and thus also the choice of the dimensions of the container 2 in many depends on a compromise to be found between transport capacity of the motor vehicle and the local traffic to be coped with. Owing to the characteristics of the present invention transport capacity of the containers 2 that can be realised is not limited for practical purposes: All that is required is a sufficiently strong source of energy for supplying the heat exchanger 3. The most suitable choice thus rather depends on the operation mode intended for such containers, i.e. on the transport conditions to be expected. The present invention puts the user into the best position for selecting the optimum solution without pre-requirements as to the type of transport and/or the length of the runs to be performed, as owing to the inventive device the prepared dishes transported, and in particular the most susceptible pizzas, remain unaltered with respect to their quality over hour-long periods.

[0036] It is to be noted that owing to the arrangement that the inner chamber 11, always is under the influence of the blowing fan 18, will be kept free of any danger that carbon monoxide forms inside the vehicle even in the most unlikely case that the heat exchanger 3, being operated using the exhaust fumes of the motor vehicle, should leek. In the same manner the increased pressure in the inner chamber 11, however limited expressed in Bar, optimally ensures that any undesirable odours emanating from the prepared dishes in transport as well as any contaminating agents such as germs and bacteria are eliminated.

[0037] The present invention concerns a device for keeping hot and for transporting prepared dishes, in particular pizzas, using a motor vehicle. The inventive device comprises a container (2) formed essentially as a square box (9) in the bottom part (20) of which a heat exchanger (3) is incorporated. One of the lateral walls of the box (9) is laid out as an access door (13), whereas the other lateral walls (14) and the top cover (15) are double walls enclosing an air interspace (16) within which an air stream is generated using a blowing fan (18).

[0038] The air stream is laid out in such a manner that inside the inner chamber (11) an air circulation is established as a vortex extending throughout the whole chamber (11) and escaping via a through passage opening (19) at the bottom. Owing to the free air circulation within the inner chamber (11), and to the supply of sufficient heat energy, the temperature inside the chamber (11) is maintained always above 130° C., and the humidity generated by the dishes is kept under control continually, in such a manner that the dishes are maintained hot and crisp, even if transport takes several hours.

[0039] The heat exchanger (3) preferentially is supplied with the exhaust fumes of the combustion engine (4) of the motor vehicle.

[0040] The inventive device is laid out for installation in a car, or in a delivery van, as well as on a motorcycle.

[0041] It is noted that the foregoing examples have been provided merely for the purpose of explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the present invention. While the present invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, it is understood that the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Changes may be made, within the purview of the appended claims, as presently stated and as amended, without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention in its aspects. Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein; rather, the present invention extends to all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended claims.

LIST OF ELEMENTS REFERRED TO IN THE FIGURES

[0042]1 motor vehicle

[0043]2 container

[0044]3 heat exchanger

[0045]4 combustion engine

[0046]5 supply tube

[0047]6 exhaust tube

[0048]7 muffler

[0049]8 exhaust pipe

[0050]9 box

[0051]10 bottom

[0052]11 inner chamber

[0053]12 perforated sheet metal

[0054]13 access door

[0055]14 back wall

[0056]15 top cover

[0057]16 air interspace

[0058]17 air interspace

[0059]18 blowing fan

[0060]19 through passage opening

[0061]20 lower part of the bottom

[0062]21 shelves

[0063]22 shelf

[0064]23 support shelf

[0065]24 plate

[0066]25,25′ screws

[0067]26 external lateral walls

[0068]27 external top cover

[0069]28 internal wall

[0070]29 internal wall

[0071]30 supply tube

[0072]31 exhaust tube 

1. Apparatus for keeping hot and for transporting prepared dishes, in particular pizzas, from the producer to the consumer, using a motor vehicle equipped with a thermally insulated container (2), which in its lower portion is provided with a heat exchanger (3) using which the heat supplied by an external source is transmitted to the air in the container (2) by heat conduction and radiation, characterised in that the container (2) is laid out as an essentially square box (9) at the bottom (10) of which the heat exchanger (3) is incorporated, one of the four lateral walls of the box (9) is linked to the box, forming a door (13), which is sealed and gives access to the container (2), the other three lateral walls (14) and the top cover (15) of the box (9) are laid out as double walls enclosing air interspaces (16, 17), which on their sides are all mutually interconnected and towards the front, towards the access door (13), are connected to the inner chamber (11) of the container (2), the inner chamber (11) of the container (2) is connected with the surrounding room via a through passage opening (19) located in the lower portion (20) of the bottom (10) of the container (2). air from the outside is fed into the air interspaces (16, 17) provided in the other lateral walls and in the top cover using at least one blowing fan (18) preferentially arranged in the back lateral wall (14) in such a manner that an air stream is established passing from the air interspaces (16, 17) to the inner chamber (11) via the connection provided at the access door (13) and escaping via the passage opening (19) located at the bottom (20) of the container (2), in which arrangement the inner chamber (11), in which the dishes to be transported are stored, is provided with supporting shelves (12, 21), which do not subdivide it into separated zones but permit free air circulation and formation of air vortices.
 2. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the external lateral walls (26) and the external top cover (27) of the box (9) are made from wood or from a material presenting characteristics similar to wood, whereas the internal walls (28, 29) forming the air interspace are made from metal, and preferentially from steel.
 3. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the heat exchanger (3) is supplied with thermal energy from the exhaust fumes of the combustion engine (4) of the motor vehicle.
 4. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the motor vehicle is a van with a load carrying compartment, or a car with a trunk, in which the inventive device is installed.
 5. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the motor vehicle is a motorcycle with two wheels on which the inventive device is mounted on a luggage rack located behind the drivers seat.
 6. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the supporting shelves (12, 21) are made from perforated sheet metal and that between the edges of said shelves (12, 21) and the inside walls of the inner chamber (11) a space is left free, which permits free circulation of an air stream inside the inner chamber (11).
 7. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that at least two blowing fans (18) are arranged preferentially in the back lateral wall (14) of the box (9), in particular in the upper portion of said wall.
 8. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the container (2) is solidly mounted to the motor vehicle using the reinforced points normally provided in the vehicle as anchoring points of the seat belts and/or the support points of the back seats and/or of the reinforcing cross-members of the body.
 9. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the passage opening (19) located at the bottom (20) of the container (2) also serves as a through passage for the feed tube (30) and the exhaust tube (31) of the heat transfer medium of the heat exchanger (3).
 10. Apparatus according to the claim 1, characterised in that the container (2) presents the following external dimensions: width ranging from 50 to 100 cm, depth ranging from 40 to 60 cm, height ranging from 30 to 70 cm. 